Kiln dried firewood is fresh logs that have been force dried in a kiln; this takes the moisture out of the wood so that the logs can burn efficiently.

Firewood, whether kiln dried or seasoned, should always be below 20% moisture in the centre of the log before it is used on a fire. 

There is no one answer to how hot firewood gets. The temperature of a wood fire varies greatly from species to species. The hottest burning type of firewood is beech, which burns at 950 °C. Oak firewood burns at 900 °C, which makes it perfect for pizza ovens and steak searing. The UK’s most popular firewood tree species, birch, burns at around 820 °C.

Place 2 kindling sticks parallel to each other approx 3″ apart.  Put a firelighter between the kindling, then stack 2 kindling sticks on top perpendicular to the bottom kindling sticks.  Then light the firelighter and add layers of kindling sticks stacking them in layers perpendicular to each other until about 3-4 layers high.
You can then add your firewood on top of the kindling wood, and this will ignite from the  flames below.

This question is hard to answer as all wood burners, and open fires, are different.  To get the most out of the logs you should get the fire going, for 10min or so, with all vents open.  Once the fire is established, add more logs and close the bottom vent on your burner so there is a very small amount of airflow. If your burner has a top vent, also close this to halfway or more.  You should see the flames slow down and the log will burn slower, and hotter, and will also last longer.

To season firewood you should cut the logs to the desired length and then split to suitable sizes.  These logs should then be stacked or left in a pile in a dry place for at least 12months, but for the best results leave for 24-36 months.   Once your logs are dry they should have a moisture content of below 20% in the middle of the log.